Freenas Img Download
These are the docker image source files for everything one sees in the default freenas collection on FreeNAS 10. They are essentially no different than any other Dockerfile you might see on github or dockerhub, though the FreeNAS project has added its own metadata under the org.freenas namespace to make guided configuration in its own Docker interface(s) possible (tab-completed values in the CLI, pre-populated forms in the GUI). This metadata is not strictly necessary for using a Docker container with FreeNAS 10, it simply makes a 'fill in the blanks' configuration mode possible.
Here are all of the various 'knob settings' specific to FreeNAS which your container can set, and their meanings. In most cases, the user can also choose to override these settings at container creation time if the defaults are not suitable to their needs.
FreeNAS turns an old, low powered computer into a network storage solution. Plug in a decent sized USB hard drive and you can keep all your media (or business) files in one place. FreeNAS supports most network file access protocols: CIFS (Windows file sharing, formerly SMB), FTP, NFS, TFTP, Rsync and Unison to mention a few. If you will be running FreeNAS® from an.img.xz file instead of installing it from the ISO, you must first download and install the Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack that matches your version of VirtualBox. The extension pack enables USB support.
org.freenas.autostart
(default value: 'false')Whether container should be set to automatically start at boot time or not.org.freenas.capabilities-add
(default value: ')A list of Docker capabilities to add to container's privileges, in the form of a comma-separated string values, e.g.SYS_ADMIN,SYS_MODULE
. See https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#/runtime-privilege-and-linux-capabilities for a full list of Docker privileges.org.freenas.capabilities-drop
(default value: ')A list of Docker capabilities to remove from container's privileges, in the form of a comma-separated string values, e.g.SYS_CHROOT,SETCAP
. See https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#/runtime-privilege-and-linux-capabilities for a full list of Docker privileges that are set by deafult and can be removed. Warning: This may cause containers to malfunction if used incorrectly!org.freenas.command
(default value: ')A command to be run in the container, e.g./bin/sh
.org.freenas.privileged
(default value: 'false').This is a boolean property which allows all extra privileges for a container to be turned on (e.g. 'the big hammer'). It should only be used with caution, when absolutely required or when docker security is simply not a concern.org.freenas.expose-ports-at-host
(default value: 'false')Whether container should expose its ports list on the host's IP address.org.freenas.interactive'
(default value: 'false')Whether container is an interactive container or not, which is to say that its Console will attach to a single, interactive process (and when this process exits, that container will stop). Generally only useful for 'raw OS' containers like Ubuntu.org.freenas.port-mappings
(default value: none)A list of container:host port mappings for the container in the following formatcontainerport
:hostport
/udp tcp
org.freenas.settings
(default value: [])An array ofvariable name
:Long description
fields for various variables the container wishes to export as 'user settable' (this need not be every possible variable the container supports, but those the container author wishes the user to see and set).org.freenas.static-volumes
(default value: [])An array of directory or file mapping dictionary entries that should be set just to allow the container to work at all and aren't user visible or settable (seeorg.freenas.volumes
below for user-settable volume options). Format for each dictionary entry iscontainer_path
,host_path
, andreadonly
.container_path
refers to the directory/filename on the container,host_path
the directory/filename on the host, andreadonly
whether the container can write to the directory/filename on the host. See existing Dockerfile for more helpful examples.org.freenas.upgradeable
(default value: 'false')If set to true, the container is capable of upgarding itself internally.org.freenas.version
(default value: '0')A synthetic version number to present to the user. Since docker containers don't really have 'versions' so much as 'tags', yet users tend to think of software (like Plex Media Server) as having specific version numbers, this allows the container author to present a version number that indicates when the container might present an upgrade opportunity.org.freenas.volumes
(default value: [])An array of directory or file mapping dictionary entries that user can set to control the per-directory, per-file mappings of host (or VM) paths to container paths. Format for each dictionary entry isname
anddescr
for the directory/filename and description, respectively (see existing Dockerfile for more helpful examples).org.freenas.web-ui-path
(default: none)If the container provides a web UI, this should be the path component of the URL to it (the hostname or IP will be filled-in automatically and the port and protocol have their own entries, so this should just be the/path
component ofhttp://host[:port]/path
org.freenas.web-ui-port
(default value: none)If the web UI requires a specific port number, this property should be set.org.freenas.web-ui-protocol
(default value: none)If the web UI requires a specific protocol, this property should be set
Perhaps you have a favorite Docker container that you think would be great for FreeNAS, in which case the FreeNAS 10 project happily accepts pull requests against this repo, but how might you test it first? How, for that matter, could you and your friends create your own collections of Docker containers for your own use? We're glad you asked! The process is actually quite simple, so let's just dive right into the steps required:
First, log into your GitHub account and fork this repo by clicking that little fork icon in the upper-right corner. Just for the purpose of this tutorial, let's say your github account name is inigomontoya and you've just clicked the fork button, so now you have a github repo called https://github.com/inigomontoya/docker-images to work with. You are now ready to proceed to the next step.
Working from a checkout of this repo, first look for a container that looks similar to the one you want to create and then use it as your template. In this example, we'll create a new Dockerfire for the popular Ghost container:
Now we want to use the editor to change
FROM timhaak/plex:latest
toFROM ghost:latest
, theversion
string to 0.11, the web UI port to 2368, and so on. See the actual Dockerfile to see the finished example. The most important attributes will be the org.freenas.port-mappings, org.freenas.volumes and org.freenas.settings fields - these allow the FreeNAS Docker interfaces to expose the ports, volumes and variable settings for the container as appropriate. If the container is able to update itself, other properties like upgradable should be set - again, the existing docker-images are the best working examples, which is why we suggest you start from one of them and then change just the 'obvious' things until you get closer to an ideal Dockerfile. Check it in withgit commit
andgit push
and then move to the next step!If you would like the Docker container to have some documentation associated with it, always a good idea, which will also be displayed by the
readme
sub-command in the CLI (or per-container README button in the UI) then also include a README.md file with your Dockerfile. It can contain any text in the standard markdown format.Now you want to create a Docker Hub account, if you do not have one already, and sign into that Docker Hub account. If you want create your collection in cooperation with other Docker Hub users, you may also wish to create an Organization as appropriate. Either way, once you are signed in, look for the Create dropdown in the menu bar, just to the left of your Dockerhub username, which we will pretend is callmeishmael for the purpose of these examples. Click that Create dropdown and select Create Automated Build from the menu.
Docker Hub will ask you to link your Github or Bitbucket accounts to the callmeishmael account. Follow the prompts and enter your github credentials for inigomontoya as appropriate, and shortly you should have the two services linked together. Now you can proceed with creating an Automated Build by clicking on the 'Auto Build' icon for Github.
On the left, you will see your inigomontoya github username. On the right, you will see the docker-images repository. Click on it and you'll see another form labeled Create Automated Build with Repository Namesspace & Name fields. Change the Name field to 'ghost' and enter a short description, and now click the Click Here to Customize link - this is very important!
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Under the Dockerfile Location (on the branch labeled master) enter /ghost - this is the sub-directory of the docker-images directory that Docker Hub will look for the Dockerfile in. Enter a Short Description for the container and click the Create button.
Now you should be on the Docker Hub page for your new callmeishmael/ghost container. You're almost done! Click on the Build Settings tab and you'll see your build settings for master + /ghost along with a button labeled 'Trigger' - click that button. Now you can click on the Build Details tab and see Docker Hub building your container. This will take at least a few minutes.
Go to the FreeNAS 10 UI and click on the Docker icon. Go to the Collections sub-view and click the green Create button. You can now create a Collection with whatever name you like, but the Collection field has to be callmeishmael (or whatever your Docker Hub account is actually called of course). Save it.
Go to Docker -> Containers -> Create in the FreeNAS 10 and select your Collection. You should, after a short wait, see all the containers in your collection. If you have also filled in some of the org.freenas properties in your Dockerfile, you should also see those pre-populated in the creation form. You're done!
PC lovers tend to collect a lot of hardware as the years roll by. Instead of leaving it to collect dust, why not repurpose it as a file-slinging server?
Several free and open-source operating systems run extremely well on a wide array of older hardware. One in particular, FreeNAS, is extremely stable, easy to set up, and laser-focused on storing and sharing files across your home network. All you need is a working system with a reliable hard drive (or three) and a little time to configure everything.
What is FreeNAS?
FreeNAS is based on FreeBSD, itself born of BSD, a version of Unix developed at the University of California, Berkeley. FreeBSD is a full-fledged server operating system, but FreeNAS has been optimized strictly for file serving and storage. It supports SMB/CIFS (Windows file shares), NFS (Unix file shares) and AFP (Apple File Shares), plus FTP and iSCSI. FreeNAS also works with an array of plug-ins for things like automated network backups, BitTorrent downloading, a Plex Media Server, MiniDLNA and much more. The FreeNAS website has an extensive FAQ and community section that's definitely worth checking out.
What you need to build a FreeNAS server
FreeNAS is compatible with all supported FreeBSD hardware—virtually every x86 platform (per the FreeBSD website), and it supports an extensive array of chipsets and network controllers.
Ideally, FreeNAS should be installed on a small SSD or even a flash drive (though standard hard drives also work fine in a pinch), and the system should feature one or more reliable hard drives for bulk storage. To emphasize reliable: We’ve framed this article around using spare hardware, but you shouldn't use abused or utterly ancient drives for mission-critical storage.
When using the UFS (Unix File System), FreeNAS doesn’t require much memory or processing power. Just about any system with 2GB or more of RAM should do.
The more advanced ZFS (Zettabyte File System) is highly reliable and offers an array of features to preserve and protect data, but it also has much more overhead. FreeNAS recommends at least 8GB of RAM for optional performance with ZFS.
Getting FreeNAS to boot
To set up FreeNAS you’ll need to download the installation ISO file from the FreeNAS website. If you have an optical drive, burn that ISO to a disc and then boot from it the way you would any other bootable CD.
Installing the OS to a flash drive is handier, and it frees your actual hard drives to store your files. It's a bit more complicated to set up on flash: Though it requires only minimal storage space (we ran it on 4GB and 8GB flash drives), it can't share the drive with other data.
For flash drive installations, you’ll also need a file compression/decompression utility (or file archiver), like WinRAR or 7-Zip, that can open ISO files, plus a disk image writing utility—I’d suggest Win32Disk Imager.
Once you’ve downloaded the ISO, mount it in Windows by right-clicking its file icon and selecting Mount, or open it in your file archiver (we used WinRAR) and extract the file named FreeNAS_x64.img.xz. You'll wind up with an image file named FreeNAS_x64.img, which you’ll need to write to the flash drive to install the OS and make the drive bootable.
Next, insert your flash drive, run Win32 Disk Imager, and select the FreeNAS_x64.img image file. In the Device drop-down menu on the right, make sure your flash drive’s drive letter is selected. Hit the Write button, and Win32 Disk Imager will take care of the rest. It shouldn’t take more than a minute or two to write the disk image to the drive. Insert the flash drive into the machine you want to use with FreeNAS, boot to the drive, and the OS should launch. Whew.
Setting up FreeNAS
After booting to the flash drive, you’ll ultimately see a simple text menu with 11 options. By default, FreeNAS will be configured to use DHCP. Assuming that's how your network is set up, it should acquire an IP address and list it right at the bottom of the menu. That’s how you’ll access FreeNAS’s browser-based interface. Command-line jockeys can configure many options right from the text menu, but it’s definitely easier and more intuitive to log into the web GUI.
The first time you hit the FreeNAS IP address, you’ll be prompted to set an administrator password. Note, however, that the default user name is not 'admin' or 'administrator,' but 'root,' which is the Unix system's rough equivalent of a Windows admin.
You’ll have to follow a few steps to configure your storage volumes and make them accessible to other systems on the network. First, hit the Storage > Volumes > Volume Manager section and select the hard drives you’d like to use with the operating system. Critical note: Any hard drive you select to use with FreeNAS will be utterly wiped.
You’ll also need to select the file system, enable any services or protocols of choice, create and name a shared folder, and set folder permissions. It's pretty straightforward, and this article walks you through the process. You can access your FreeNAS server just like any other shared PC on your network (typically via Windows' Network settings).
Freenas Img
If you’d like to enable advanced FreeNAS capabilities—like hosting an FTP server, or installing some plug-ins—the FreeNAS community is a great place to start, as is PCWorld's own guide to advanced FreeNAS configurations.